Politeness &  Politeness Principle
GXNU Graduate Program in Linguistics & Applied Linguistics
Address: College of Foreign Studies, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China




<>1. Slembrouck (1998-2000) - The principle of politeness  
... This is not the case with the Politeness Principle. In the absence of politeness being communicated, it must be assumed that the politeness attitude is ...
<>2. Literary Stylistics: Lecture notes no. 24  
... the politeness principle as one of the fundamental pragmatic principles that ... A description of the six maxims of the politeness principle as they are ...
<>3. Do women write better e-mails?  
... to the politeness principle, violations of maxims were also witnessed. ... "Hence, we wanted to know whether the same kind of politeness principles are ...
<>4. ????????????????????  
... The purpose of the present study is to explain the politeness principle and ... application of the politeness principle to English language teaching. ...
<>5. Pragmatics  
... The theories of the cooperative principle and politeness principle have ... The politeness principle is a series of maxims, which Geoff Leech has ...
<>6. pragmatics  
... Another assumption is the Politeness Principle (Leech, ... The findings of the cooperative principle and politeness principle also provided insights ...
<>7. Pragmatics  
... principle by Grice (1975) and the politeness principle by Leech (1983). ... The findings of the cooperative principle and politeness principle also ...
<>8. Politeness Principles in Computer-Mediated Communication in the ...  
... giving precedence to one maxim of the Politeness Principle rather than to another. or finding some compromise. The authentic material I work with are ...
<>9. Minding your maxims!  
... in terms of Grice's maxims and Brown and Levinson politeness principles, ... Consequently, a set of politeness principles (Brown and Levinson, op. cit. ...
<>10. newsview  
<>... 3. The politeness principle 4. Pragmatic scales of politeness 5. Interaction between politeness principle and cooperative principle ...
11 EDEXCEL REVISION GUIDE – AS LEVEL  
... Robin Lakoff suggested another framework for a politeness principle with three maxims: ... the politeness principle, face and politeness strategies. ...
<>12. Philip Larkin: this unique distance from isolation: A stylistic ...  
... of the Maxim of Quality and direct violations of the Politeness Principle. ... of the Cooperative Principle (quality) and the Politeness Principles: ...
<>13. Pragmatics of performance and the analysis of conversational humor  
... also a "Politeness Principle" (PP) with the maxims of tact, generosity, ... character of the cooperation principle. Politeness must be communicated; its ...
<>14. Vol 37 No 3, July - September 1999 Page 6  
... Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle ... the application of two principles, the Cooperative Principle (CP) and the Politeness Principle (PP), ...
<>15. LIN 21/31CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION  
... The Politeness Principle (Leech, 1983) [refer to earlier handout]. Maxims of Politeness: Tact, Generosity, Approbation, Modesty, Agreement, Sympathy ...
<>16. Presentazione di PowerPoint  
... The politeness Principle. “reduce friction in personal interaction” Lakoff 1989: 64. Conversational Maxims. The Tact Maxim Leech 1983 ...
<>17. Lesson 18 Cross-cultural  
Can we be sure how the politeness principle is to be established? Most research simply establishes the cultural specificity of politeness principles. ...
<>18.«?????»?6?2004??3?193-288, ??  
When used exophorically in conversation, on the other hand, it is constrained by the politeness principle. Likewise, when used anaphorically, ...
<>19. Zen Articles: The Cooperative Principle  
... a seminal article entitled "The Co-operative Principle" that created quite ... The demand for politeness simply means that we should treat other people ...
<>20. Sheffield Hallam Working Papers: Linguistic Politeness and Context  
Politeness in Task-Oriented Dialogue. Andrew John Merrison ... the Cooperative Principle is regularly overridden by the Politeness Principle [Leech, ...
21. Sheffield Hallam Working Papers: Linguistic Politeness and Context  
Politeness and the Linguistic Construction of Gender in Parliament: An ... the Co-operative Principle or the Politeness Principle is being privileged. ...
<>22. ?????????????(politeness principle) 2.????? ...  
The summary for this Japanese page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set.
<>23.Revisiting Relevant Approaches for the Study of Language and ...  
... This letter applies the underlying politeness principle very well all ... use of SM structure at the sentence level based on politeness principles. ...
<>24. Asian EFL Journal: On-line TEFL Journal  
... Cook also refers to Lakoff's "Politeness Principle" which provides three further maxims: "to avoid imposing, to make their hearer feel good, ...
<>25.Stef Slembrouck (1998-2004) - WHAT IS MEANT BY DISCOURSE ANALYSIS?  
... cooperative principle and its four maxims of information exchange with a politeness principle and attendant maxims (Click for a schematic overview). ...
<>26. On Linguistic Aspects from a Cross-cultural Perspective  
... genuine invitation, but a polite way of closing a conversation. The Politeness Principle may sometimes come in contradiction with the Cooperation ...
<>27.TS4203 Stylistics of Drama  
... The Politeness Principle (PP) states: ‘Minimise (all things being equal) the ... The irony principle enables us to bypass politeness and promotes the ...
<>28. Li5/LT5: Semantics & Pragmatics Dr Kasia Jaszczolt kmj21@cam.ac.uk ...
... Theories of Linguistic Politeness. 1. If the Co-operative Principle and Speech ... The maxims of Politeness ‘save’ the Cooperative Principle: they show ...
<>29. Milan Ferencik - A Survey of English Stylistics  
... 10.3 Cooperative Principle. 10.4 Politeness Principle. 10.5 Politeness Strategies and Face. 11 Semiotics and Stylistics. 11.1 Types of Code and Modes ...
<>30.BIZ SAMACHAR -- The only bookmark on Business News you'll ever need  
... principles of politeness than those written by their male counterparts. ... to the politeness principle, but violations were also seen in some cases. ...
<>31. Prof Asa Kasher  
... Similar considerations apply to the tension seemingly created between politeness principles and Grice's maxims (Leech 1983, Kasher 1986). Bibliography ...
<>32. 1 Coffee, Tea or …? : Gender and Politeness in Computer Mediated ...  
... paid to violations of politeness principles and variations in choice of principles ... on Politeness Principle (PP) identified six Maxims: Tact Maxim ...
<>33. Chapter 5: Interface and Interaction Design (Web Navigation ...  
... The authors of The Media Equation suggest starting with Grice's Maxims, a set of politeness principles (mainly for conversation) that were set down by ...
<>34. Perspective Difference in ‘Bald on Record’ between Japanese and ...  
... given the Politeness Principle, we must assume that the speaker is in fact ... against setting up politeness principles as coordinate in nature to ...
<>35. INFLUENCE OF THE SYMBOLIC INTERACTION THEORY IN THE VIOLATION OF ...  
... Politeness Principle. This principle may be formulated as a series of maxims ... we see that the interviewer violates the Politeness Principle, he is ...
<>36. ????????  
... Cooperative principle (Grice 1975) 7. Politeness principle and strategies (Leech 1983, Grundy @7) 8. Relevance theory (Grundy #5) ...
<>37. AS/SA Nº 9, p.506; Mazid: "Deconstructing a Contemporary Egyptian ...  
... It is obviously a violation of the Agreement Maxim of the Politeness Principle (Leech, 1983) The second component of the response, the justification, ...
<>38. Asian Efl Teaching Articles: - Intercultural Communication
... refers to Lakoff's "Politeness Principle" which provides three further maxims: "to avoid imposing, to. make their hearer feel good, to give him or her ...
<>39. Pearson Education - Principles of Pragmatics  
... to include politeness, irony, phatic communion, and other social principles of ... 4.1 The Cooperative Principle (CP) and the Politeness Principle (PP) ...
<>40. Korean Honorifics, Politeness and Face  
... As the visible mark of social distance, most euphemisms have violated the Gricean Cooperative Principle to observe the Politeness Principle. ...
41.  ?????  
... 6.2 The Cooperative Principle and the Politeness Principle 6.2.1 The Cooperative Principle 6.2.2 The Politeness Principle ...
<>42. J269: Seminar in Japanese Linguistics  
... B & L's way of considering politeness is closer to the underlying-principles ... underlying universal principles, is transformed into polite behaviour ...
<>43. Pragmatics  
... The theory of the cooperative principle and politeness principle have provided ... The politeness principle is a series of maxims, which Geoff Leech has ...
<>44. Inference: Procedures & Implications for ELT  
... He particularly highlights the Politeness Principle as a “necessary ... do so in a way that doesn’t overtly conflict with the Politeness Principle, ...
<>45. The Realization of Politeness Principles in Persian  
... However, the application and the linguistic realization of politeness principles. differ systematically across cultures and within cultures, ...
<>46.journal submission  
... Grice’s work and argues for the necessity of both a Politeness Principle ... to the shortcomings of Lakoff’s (1973) proposal of a Politeness Principle, ...
<>47. TEXT AND DISCOURSE IN TESOL 1. Objectives By the end of the module ...  
... Cooperative principle. Politeness principle. Genre analysis. Contrastive rhetoric. Language and power. Language and gender. Corpus linguistics ...
<>48.Amazon.com: Books: Pragmatics and Discourse: A Resource Book for ...  
... exophoric reference, cultural background knowledge, politeness principle, ... principle, adjacency pairs, interpersonal knowledge, politeness strategies ...
<>49. Three levels in politeness theory and practice  
... 1983) pinpointed politeness phenomena as a worthwhile area of research ... principle be a matter of using particular linguistic devices/strategies ...
<>50. 2001-1  
... research on some important pragmatic principles and maxims such as Politeness Principle, ... politeness principle; principles of ecnomy; pragmatic study ...
51.  From: Amy Soller <soller+@pitt.edu> Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2002 15:28 ...  
... At the end of this paper, the authors discuss the 'politeness principle' as a ... where following politeness principles may not always the best route. ...
<>52. T. Bruce Fryer  
... The addresser is thus often confronted with a negative face and has to address it by applying Leech?s (1983) politeness principles, in which maximising ...
<>53. The Pragmatics of English Dialogues in the Chinese Context  
... and his own Politeness Principle with their respective. maxims. The general principle of co-operation serves. as a binding force between the ...
<>54.1 Symbolic Power, Illocutionary Force, and Impoliteness:A Critical ...
... Very roughly, the pragmatic principles governing polite conversation may be said ... to treat politeness principles as forms of tactical symbolic power. ...
<>55. Amazon.com: Books: Pragmatics and Discourse: A Resource Book for ...  
... co-text, speech acts, conversation, cooperative principle and politeness. ... cultural background knowledge, indirect directive, politeness principle, ...
<>56. A Survey of English Stylistics  
... 10.1 Deixis and Presupposition. 10.2 Speech Acts. 10.3 Cooperative Principle. 10.4 Politeness Principle. 10.5 Politeness Strategies and Face ...
<>57. English as an International Language - UsingEnglish.com  
... Many languages do precisely this as a politeness principle, like the French use of 'vous', a plural, to speak politely to an individual. ...
<>58. Grammar Guide -- GrammarStation.com  
... The English Imperative also has a hierarchy of politeness forms based on the politeness principle of not imposing on others and allowing options to be ...
<>59. pragmatics: Definition and Much More From Answers.com
... Paul Grice's cooperative principle and conversational maxims; Geoffrey Leech's politeness principle; Jürgen Habermas's universal pragmatics ...
<>60. UR: Wydzia³ Filologii >> Instytut Filologii Angielskiej  
... The practical part of the work consists of the analysis of politeness principles in the sample interviews from Newsweek. Dorota Rut-Kluz Ph.D. ...
61.  Essay 10: CS689, Winter 1999  
... Politeness: As an example of the politeness principle, the "tableize" action requires a selected text in order to carry out the function. ...
<>62. Purpose and Composition Theory: Issues in the Research  
... A second principle, the Politeness Principle, suggests that a speaker should ... Maxims derived from the Politeness Principle include those governing ...
<>63. Tanja Ostojiæ
... Paul Grice's theory of implicatures and Cooperative Principle and Geoffrey Leech's interpersonal rhetorics governed by the Politeness Principle. ...
<>64. ARRO Course -- Course Content  
... cooperative principle, conversational implicature, and politeness principle. ... cooperative principle; politeness theory; conversational implicature; ...
<>65. EIU: Writing an essay in English  
... Jacher shows that "Sperber and Wilson's principle of relevance subverts the co-operative principles of Grice and the politeness principles of Leech" ...
<>66. CAE 333 Spoken Discourse Analysis  
... Speech Act Theory and the Relevance Principle; Politeness Principle; Code-switching; Language in the Classroom; Listening and discourse skills; Review ...
<>67. Pragmatics  
... Geoffrey Leech's politeness principle Quick Facts about: Jürgen Habermas Quick Summary not found for this subjectJürgen Habermas's Quick Facts about: ...
<>68. ?  
... Principle of Cooperation and Politeness Principle: similarities and differences. The paper is devoted to comparison of two key conversational rules ...
<>69. RUSSIAN CULTURAL VALUES AND WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION STYLES ...  
... One of the main reasons for these pragmatic errors is The Politeness Principle applied differently as compared to one's native culture. ...
<>70. Cardiff Forensic Linguistics Conference Abstracts  
... and Brown and Levinson’s (1987) Politeness Principle are in evidence, ... Principle (and the associated Conversational Maxims, in which Politeness is ...
71.  The Nature of Language essay  
... but I think that by using the politeness principle advocated by Brown and ... with little option but to go against part of Leech’s politeness principle, ...
<>72. Pragmatic and Linguistic Problems in the Translation of Naguib ...  
... 2.2.2 The Politeness Principle and its maxims in the translation. The Politeness Principle (PP) as discussed in Leech (1983) is considered an ...
<>73. Comparing English and Chinese persuasive strategies in Trade Fair ...  
... as politeness principles will be incorporated in order to en- ... of politeness principles. For example, the writer tends to use ...
<>74. Global Diversity @ Work - Global News, April 2002
... it therefore seems strange that transsexual people still seem to be treated as some sort of exception to the politeness principle though. ...
<>75. Discourse Analysis  
... The politeness principle and its attendant maxims (Leech, G. 1983). Tact maxim. minimise cost to other. Generosity maxim. minimise benefit to self ...
<>76. TOWARDS A COGNITIVE APPROACH TO POLITENESS
... the idea that both verbal interaction and politeness principles were founded on strictly rational. principles; but as soon as the existence of a ...
<>77. Anthropological Linguistics Vol. 37, no. 3  
... The study argues that there is close interaction between the Politeness Principle (Leech 1983) and the Cooperative Principle's maxims of conversation ...
<>78. Hyperformality, Politeness Markers and Vulgarity
... It can, in principle, meet some local need. And it does. ... adding or deleting politeness markers, softening slang and vulgarity, adaptation, ...
<>79. <a href="http://www.cambridge.org">© Cambridge University Press</a ...  
... Politeness Principle 64--6, 68,. 203. politeness strategies 75, 85, 86, 89, 91,. 93, 96, 102, 109, 110, 112, 265;. negative 88, 92--5; positive 88, 89, ...
<>80. Circles: Ron White  
... between displaying concern for the other party, while at the same time observing the politeness principles of avoiding imposition and allowing choice. ...
81.  The Translation of Politeness  
... Very useful for tact principle (:107) and other politeness principles. Scollon, Ron and Suzanne Wong Scollon (1995) Intercultural Communication: A ...
<>82. Inference: Procedures and Implications for ELT  
... Politeness Principle as a necessary complement of the co-operative principle ... Politeness Principle, but allows the bearer to arrive at the offensive ...
<>83. Course description  
... and the principles of conversation, and (2) Leech’s politeness principle. The interrelations between the two sets of principles will be discussed. ...
<>84. On Euphemism in terms of Pragmatism and Its Translation
... Brown and Levinson advanced the politeness principle (PP) in 1978 and 1987. ... complementarity with the cooperative principle and politeness principle. ...
<>85. Department of English and Communication  
... propositional development, discourse structures, information structures, cooperative principle, conversational implicature, and politeness principle. ...
<>86. ???  
... It deals with cooperative and politeness principles, and the illocutionary force that ... Grice's Cooperative Principle 3.Leech's Politeness Principle ...
<>87. Relevance_Archives: Banter
... to the Politeness principle as Grice's maxims stand to the CP. The ... the Politeness Principle, the Irony Principle, and the Banter Principle . ... ...
<>88. Politeness Ideology in Thai Computer-mediated Communication  
... participants also adhere to the politeness principle, but it is the positive aspect—the attempt to avoid. confrontations and make the addressee feel ...
<>89. Kazuma Matoba
... The purpose of this article is to investigate the efficiency of the Maxim of Generosity in Leech's Politeness Principle. For this purpose, in which ...
<>90. University of Sussex  
... How important are ‘politeness principles’ in ... throughout the world be explained by general principles (such as. status and solidarity)? POLITENESS ...
91.  Staan Larsson Lena Santamarta Arne Jonsson Department of ...  
... pends on ethical and politeness principles of the language. community. Functional properties dene the capabilities ...
<>92. References  
... [Grice, 1975], the politeness principle [Leech, 1983], or ... principles such as politeness and relevance are too under- ...
<>93. ELT News & Views - articles published  
... Grice’s "cooperative principle" (1975) and Lakoff’s "politeness principle" (1973) have up to now made remarkably little impact on EFL. ...
<>94. Thank You, No Thank You: Russian and American Thanking Routines  
... Expressing gratitude is considered to be one of the universals of interpersonal communication, in particular in realization of the politeness principle. ...
<>95. Russian cultural values and workplace communication styles
... One of the main reasons for these pragmatic errors is The Politeness Principle applied differently as compared to one?s native culture. ...
<>96. Women more polite in e-mail:- - Science News - Webindia123.com  
... principle" of communication and Geoffrey Leech's maxims of politeness. ... to principles of politeness than those written by men," the paper notes. ...
<>97. Writing in the Department  
... POLITENESS PRINCIPLE A formula which tries to account for our knowledge, ... CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE, COOPERATIVE and POLITENESS PRINCIPLES. ...
<>98. Accessibility Domain Architecture 10 / 20
... Politeness is one aspect of human-centric design that enhances the quality of ... a brief description of the principle's primary directive for design; ...
<>99. English as a Foreign Culture? – ELT and British Cultural Studies  
... Grice’s “cooperative principle” (1975) and Lakoff’s “politeness principle” (1973) have up to now made remarkably little impact on EFL. ...
<>100. ???????????-?????????????????????  
... flout the Cooperative Principle to obey the Politeness Principle and how ... Key words: euphemism;politeness principle;pragmatic context;culture ...
101.  Kerry Linfoot-Ham  
... By observing phenomena that are already part of existing Pragmatic theories (including Grice’s maxims, the Politeness Principle (Brown and Levinson, ...
<>102. ::????  
... the domain of Interpersonal Rhetoric, which contains at least three principles: Grice’s Cooperative Principle, Politeness Principle and Irony Principle. ...
<>103. BIZ SAMACHAR -- The only bookmark on Business News you'll ever need  
... Dr Kaul says that the e-mails sent out by men generally adhered to the politeness principle, but violations were also seen in some cases. ...
<>104. Janie Wermter homepage  
... of politeness principles to the notion of politeness in Merina culture. ... of specifying the principles and rules underlying Malagasy politeness. ...
<>105. Citebase - Eliminating deceptions and mistaken belief to infer ...
... principle such as the maxim of quantity [Grice, 1975], the politeness principle [Leech, 1983], or the principle of relevance [Sperber and Wilson, 1986]. ...
<>106. Aus: Herbst, Thomas et al. Terminologie der Sprachbeschreibung ...  
... zB co-operative principle, politeness principle, clarity principle. Onomasiologie — Semasiologie (onomasiology — semasiology) ...
<>107. ON THE DEGREE OF TRANSLATORS’ CREATIVITY  
... Even if Leech’s politeness principle (1983) was later included in their repertoire,. the text parameters are rather vague and their characteristics ...
<>108. NOMBRE DE ASIGNATURA:  
... Leech´s theory of politeness: The Politeness Principle and the Irony Principle. 5.2. Brown and Levinson´s politeness theory: Face wants and politeness ...
<>109. ???????????-???????????????????(1)   <>
... flout the Cooperative Principle to obey the Politeness Principle and how ... paper addresses the complementarity of Politeness Principle in the field of ...
110.  Anticipated versus inferred politeness  
... A number of researchers have recently argued that politeness is not ... evance theorists have argued that the ‘principle of relevance’ can be used ...
111.  ??????(???????)020411   
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<>112. Subject:  
... Introduction to the co-operative principle and the four maxims ... Politeness strategies and manifestations of negative and positive politeness. ...
<>113. Stories, Listed by Author  
... Politeness, (vi) Angels and Spaceships, Dutton 1954. Playboy Mar 1957 ... (nv) Detective Short Stories Apr 1942; * The Yehudi Principle, (ss) Astounding ...
<>114. HFENG335 Pragmatics  
... the framework of Gricean maxims, speech act theory, and politeness theory. ... *Chapter 4: The interpersonal role of the cooperative principle, pp. ...
<>115. ?????  
The summary for this Japanese page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set.
<>116. FACTORES SOCIOLING?STICOS DE CONTEXTUALIZACI  
... Geoffrey Leech (1983) desglosa el Politeness Principle, Jenny Thomas observa ... universally (the Politeness Principle itself); others might be entirely ...
<>117. Hancher, "Grice's 'Implicature'" (1978)  
... Grice roughly formulated that principle as, "One should not make a weaker ... would place it within a larger model of sociolinguistic "politeness." ...
<>118. Politeness_cooperation  
Politeness and cooperation: The view from Cypriot Greek ... as captured by Grice’s (1975/1989) Cooperative Principle and the concomitant maxims, ...
<>119. A VIEW OF DISCOURSE 1. Preliminaries to conversational interaction ...  
... has noted that various situations count as exceptions to the Politeness Principle. ... Leech must be right in claiming that the politeness principle, ...
<>120. The Department of Linguistics: Courses: Undergraduate Courses: 2nd ...  
... Politeness and management of “face”. Pragmatic principles of politeness. JT (1995: 149 – 182) GY ( 1995: 59 – 69). 13, 2.12, Cultural pragmatics ...
121.  OUP: Pragmatics: Yule  
... The author explains, and illustrates, basic concepts such as the co-operative principle, ... Speech events; 7 Politeness and interaction; Politeness ...
<>122. Bewilligung v. 08.04.1997
... ROC) wurde über das “Cooperative Principle” (Grice) und das “Politeness Principle” (Leechs) im Rahmen einer Studie zu den sprachlichen Interaktionen in ...
<>123. LINGUIST List 12.2221: Kasher, Pragmatics: Critical Concepts, Vol VI  
... Critical of Leech's Politeness principle as a parallel to Grice's Co-operative Principle, they hold that politeness depends on face (individuals self- ...
<>124. INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS, POLITENESS, AND THE CIVILIZING PROCESS ...
... general principles of cooperative conversation along the lines of Grice (1989), ... the chief motivation for indirectness in directives is politeness. ...
<>125. USING THE PROCESS OF DISTILLING DIALOGUES TO UNDERSTAND DIALOGUE ...  
... Ethical properties are those aspects of behaviour that depends on ethical and politeness principles of the language community. ...
<>126. LCC 710 Introduction to linguistics 710 (20 credits)  
... discourse analysis are discussed: text , co-text and context; speech act; conversational maxims; the co-operative principle; the politeness principle. ...
<>127. Pragmatics biography .ms  
... Paul Grice's cooperative principle and conversational maxims; Geoffrey Leech 's politeness principle; Jürgen Habermas's universal pragmatics ...
<>128. Sociolinguistics - Cambridge University Press  
... politeness principle 85. Pool, Jonathan 185. Pope, Alexander 49. Poplack, Shana 114, 116, 183. Popper, Karl R. 9. Portuguese 5, 22, 125, 148, 149, 150, ...
<>129. Model Comprehensive Exam
... What is the strongest principle regulating word order in Czech (as opposed to English)? ... The Cooperative Principle and the Politeness Principle are . ...
<>130. An Exquisite Politeness:
... An Exquisite Politeness: The Royal Commission on Genetic Modification ... on a rudimentary “precautionary principle” but rather more a desire that we ...
131.  Pragmatic and Linguistic Problems in the Translation of Naguib ... <> <>... ignored such pragmatic concepts and principles as speech acts, the maxims of the Politeness Principle, conventional implicature, and presupposition.
132. [ATMoB-announce] RE: [ATMoB-discuss] Networking help needed this ...  
... encourage everyone to operate on the politeness principle of computing. In other words, you do not do anything with your machine that would be ...
<>133. Teachers’ Forum  
... Grice’s ‘cooperative principle’ (1975) and Lakoff’s ‘politeness principle’ (1973) have up to now made remarkably little impression on EFL materials. ...
<>134. The Institute of Basque Studies  
... (b) socially operative general principles, such as politeness conventions (perhaps: "politeness requires that one should avoid requesting another ...
<>135. St.-Petersburg State University (8)  
... Subject of inquiry: operation of the cooperation principle and politeness principle in the spoken business communications. The pragmatical substance of ...
<>136.