The Board accepts the project and suggests that clear priorities should be better defined in its working programme during the first inaugural meeting and that the plan should include all the main karst types and regions.

(Extracted from the IGCP Board Assessment for IGCP 299, Feb.1990)

The interdisciplinary "system" approach is very much appreciated. I would like to know, however, when you intend to go back for paleokarst interpretations and pertinent paleoenvironmental reconstruction.

As far as the other IGCP projects are concerned. I would like to draw your attention in particular to project 287. The full title of this project reads: "Correlation of Mesozoic/Tertiary Bauxites and Related Paleokarst phenomena in the Tethyan realm". It has three co-leaders as indicated below:

1. A.Mindszenty                 2. L.Simone
    Dept. of Mineralogy          Dipt. Scienze della Terra
    Eotvos L. University         Universita Napoli
    Muzeum krt 4/A                Largo S. Warcellino lo
    H-1088 BUDAPEST       80138 NAPOLI
    Hungary                            ITALY

3. A. Dangic
    Faculty of Mining and Geology
    University of Beograd
    Djusina 7
    11000 BEOGRAD
    Yugoslavia

Out of the three, Dr. Lucia Simone is specializing in palookarst phenomena.
       Endre Dudich,
       Secretary IGCP.
       Division of Earth Sciences, UNESCO

The British National Committee for the IGCP supports the project proposal from Professor Yuan Daoxian on Geology, Climate and Karst Formation. Some members feel a better full title might be invoked, one suggestion being "Relationship of geology, climate and hydrology to karst formation and its environmental and economic consequences".

It may also be helpful to the Board if I relayed some of the constructive comments made by the UK committee.

Secretary of IGCP National Committee of
U.K. Royal Society
Dr. C.R. Argent

The Soviet IGCP Committee has received from Prof. Yuan Daoxian a proposal for, a new IGCP project "Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Karst Formation". Having considered the project proposal the committee concluded that it deserves attention. Though its title is somewhat generalized, its principal objective is quite clearly expressed in it, i.e. to study both regional and global features of karst formation in various climatic, geological and hydrogeological conditions. The project might probably give greater emphasis to the technogenetic influence on the activization of karst processes and in this connection to revealing the relationship between karst, ecological and geological engineering processes, to defining the role of paleogeography in the karst features formation.

The project is expected to facilitate the search for water containing areas in order to arrange water supply using karst waters, to prospect the development of karst Processes and the ecological consequences. The project will contribute to the search for mineral resources, to the evaluation of areas from the standpoint of geological engineering to be further used as construction sites.

Soviet specialists are interested in this project. There are many works in the USSR devoted to the subject. as in our country karst rocks occupy about 40% of its area. The participation in the project will enable us to reveal the features of karst formation in the USSR, to determine methods for karst studying to be applied in our country. Therefore the Soviet IGCP Committee supports the project "Geology, Climate, Hydrology and Karst Formation".

                                       V.A.Zharikov, Academician,
                                       Chairman of Soviet Committee for IGCP

I, as director of the Italian Speleological Institute, Geological Dept. of the University of Bologna, want to participate in the IGCP 299.

I suggest also the area of the Nessinian gypsa near Bologna(Italy) as one of the location for the major field activities; the reason is the peculiarity of the karst development in the evaporates and also the presence in that area of an hypogean laboratory since 1972.

                                                                                       Prof. Paolo Forti

I think that the project is very interesting and I will be very glad to cooperate from Yugoslave side together with Dr. Petar Milanovic. I also think that suggested new location for the field work (The Lelic Karst) is an ideal area for the various aspects research.

We are planning to organize international courses on Advanced Karst Hydrogeology for the interested scholars and students in The Petnica Research Station. I sincerely hope that you and your colleagues will be able to come to Yugoslavia soon.

                                                                                  Dr. Neven Kresic

You have proposed an Australian meeting for the end of 1991. I see no problem with this, though given the distances I would suggest that the locations be clearly defined. For Australia, I think that the two most important areas for the committee to examine would be the Nullarbor Plain of S.A. and the Chillagoe area of H.Qld. Perhaps the small impounded karst of Jenolan, NSW could be viewed en route. In New Guinea, access is a big problem. Probably the sensible thing would be to visit the tower karst to the south of Mendi(southern Highlands) and overfly the Muller Ranges. A visit to New Britain (Pomio) might be possible with a flight over the Hakanai Mountains. This sector could be quite expensive with costs per person (ex Sydney) around A$2000. The Australian sector could use departmental vehicles from here and use simple accommodation and camping. Cost per person would be around A$500 for two to three weeks. I guess Paul Williams will organize the New Zealand end of it, but I would opt for the H.W.Nelson karst and Waitomo. So I am willing and able to organize the Australian (and possibly the PNG) part of the group's meeting. I can count on support from this department (vehicies, equipment).

David Gillieson,
The University of New South Wales
Australia

 

I have quite a lot of ideas how to standardize our work, in order to obtain the best basis possible for regional comparisons. In particular, I have experienced that the rock tablet method is very precise and reproducable. Although there are obvious objections to the method with respect to how representative a freshly cut tablet is for the actual karst corrosion, but As a standard procedure, I think it is excellent.

However, it is not necessary the absolute corrosion rates of tablets between regions that are the most important, but also the variations within micro- environments of each system. In Norway, we find a decrease in annual (average) corrosion rate in stations downstream small rivers and brooklets.

                                                            Stein-Eric Lauritzen, Norway

I am interested in this work. It seems to me that in order to increase the efficiency of the project activities it is desirable to prepare any materials before the discussion of all principal aspects of the project at the first meeting of experts.

(1) First, it is necessary to discuss the main concept of the project,

(2) Inquire about the interests and potentialities of all the expect,

(3) Prepare a detailed plan of the project report, determine its style, volume, illustrating materials, teras and stages of the preparation of the report. Otherwise, we shall have materials of different character which are hard to coordinate.

Prof. V.S.Kovalevsky
Water Problems Institute,
USSR Academy of Sciences

It will be a pleasure to lead a field trip to the Castleguard alpine karst in the Canadian Rockies in the summer of 1992. The best time would be shortly after the 27th International Geographical Congress finished in Washington-on 14 August 1992.The trip will last about 10 days and will review other alpine lands, Including other subglacial karst hydrological systems.

Derek C. Ford
Professor of Geography and of Geology
Past-President. International Speleological Union

For IGCP-299 Project, we would like to make the following points: 1) More attention to the researches of karst media. From underground karst forms of typical areas in the north and the south of China, it is obviously that karst media in north China are mainly solution' fissures which are combined with other solution openings to form complex media. But the karst water-bearing media in south China are mainly solution cavities and solution conduits that are combined with other solution fissures and solution openings. These two characteristics show the major difference of karst systems as in the north and the south of China.

Besides field investigation, these informations are mainly extracted from drilling and correspondent analysis.

2) Extracting and analysing of Hydrological information froil karst systems. Because the hydrological information of karst systems is the comprehensive re- flection of the changes of multidimensional factors of their structures and input-output in time and space, the extraction of it includes:

(1) Groundwater discharges regime in typical karst systems (including large karst springs in North China. subterranean streams and karst springs in South China;

(2) Water level regime in typical karst systems;

(3) Regime information about the worsening environmental geological conditions, the changes of ecological environment and so on. caused by the changes of water quantity and quality.

(4) Recording information about the results of human activities In the karst systems, including some records of flood erosion on some tablets, frescoes and ancient water conservancy facilities, and historical documents.

                                                        Guo Chunqing and Cui Guangzhong

1. Karst area as sedimentary environment/surface and underground
     subenvironments/
-Study of water circulation, sediment transport and deposition
/concerns clastic sediments/
-Speleothem formation
-Biological factors of carbonate cycling/carbonate dissolution, transformation, precipitation/

- sedimentological analysis, microbiological, hydrogeological,petrological geochemical

TEAM: Dulinski M.,Djulynski St.,Hercman H.,Gradzinski R.,Gradzinski M
Pazdur A., Rozanski K.,Szulc J.Rundnicki J. Will I.,Motyka J

2. Paleokarst. Reconstruction of Paleoenvironmental agents
/climate, fauna flora, paleotopography/

METHODS: as above + paleontological investigations

TEAM: Glazek J., Szynkiewice A.Nadachowski A.Wolsan M,nadejska T.Wysoczaiski
Minkowicz T. Stworzewicz E.

3. Hydrothermal karst and resources:

TEAM: Dzulynski St., Sa-Gustkiewicz M.. Szuwarzynski M.

4. Karst processes and man's activity.

TEAM: Szynkiewice A.

5. Exploration technical assistance:
Polish Association of Alpisnism: Cracow Branch/Ciszewski A.)

Environmental and groundwater protection in Lelic Unit, Yugoslavia

WORKING TEAM: Neven Kresic--Leader, Petar Papic. Radisav Golubovic. Nebojso Kukuric, Vladimiar Filipovski, Miroslave Vrvic

1. Geomorphological characteristics of Lelic Karst
    1.1 Surface karst relief
    1.2 Subsurface karst relief
    1.3 Non-karst relief

2. Climate of Lelic Karst
    2.1 Precipitation-types, areal and temporal distribution
    2.2 Temperature-areal and temporal distribution
    2.3 Winds-intensity and directions

3. Hydrological and hydrographical characteristics of Lelic karst
    3.1 Drainage areas
    3.2 Quantitative hydrographic analysis
    3.3 Discharges of surface streams

4. Geological characteristics of Lelic Karst
    4.1 Lithostratigraphic units
    4.2 Tectonics
    4.3 Neotectonic activity

5. Hydrogeological characteristics of Lelic karst
    5.1 Hydrogeological propertise of rocks
    5. 2 Main aquifers
    5.3 Recharge and discharge of karst aquifers
    5.4 Results of dye tracing
    5.5 Water balance of Lelic karst
        5.5.1 Stochastic model
        5.5.2 Numeric (deterministic) modell

6. Hydrochemical and microbiological characteristics of Lelic karst waters
    6.1 Precipitation
    6.2 Surface waters
    6.3 Groundwater of karst aquifers
    6.4 Groundwater of non-kerst aquifers
    6.5 Hydrogeochemical cycle of Lelic karst waters
    6.6 Microbiological cycle of Lelic karrt waters

7. Existing and potential pollutants of Lelic karat
    7.1 Types and behaviour of pollutants
    7.2 Protection measures

8. Influence of construction of Stubo-Rovni impoundment on regime of karst groundwater
    8.1 Quantitative parameters
    8.2 Qualitative parameters

9. Proposal for complex protection of Lelic karst

-Collection and analysis of previous research data
-Construction of Compilation Maps
-Hydrogeological Map
-Precipitation Map
-Hydrochemical Map
-Map of Karst Groundwater Endangerment
-Establishing of observation network for recording of discharge and quality of water

-4 karstic springs
-4 surface streams
-4 observation wells
-Establishing of observation network for recording of precipitation quantity and quality

-3 gauging stations
-Selection of sites in Petnica Cave for recording of quantity and quality of Percolating waters
-3 sites
-Annual report

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